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Inter-individual differences in attitude content
In this chapter, we describe and integrate advances in the study of inter-individual differences in attitude content. Research within this area has addressed how people differ in the extent to which their attitudes are...
A cognitive perspective on pre-service and in-service language teaching
Hugo Santiago Sanchez
Jan 01, 0001
This paper reviews a selection of research within the field of language teacher cognition from two main perspectives: pre-service and in-service language teaching practices. The first section focuses on the ways in which prior...
Effect of snack-food proximity on intake in general population samples with higher and lower cognitive resource.
OBJECTIVE: Placing snack-food further away from people consistently decreases its consumption ("proximity effect"). However, given diet-related health inequalities, it is important to know whether interventions that alter food...
Age-related functional reorganization, structural changes, and preserved cognition.
Although healthy aging is associated with general cognitive decline, there is considerable variability in the extent to which cognitive functions decline or are preserved. Preserved cognitive function in the context of...
Older and wiser? Age differences in foraging and learning by an endangered passerine.
Birds use cues when foraging to help relocate food resources, but natural environments provide many potential cues and choosing which to use may depend on previous experience. Young animals have less experience of their...
The devil's in the detail
Models of memory propose that separate systems underpin the storage and recollection of specific events from our past (e.g., the first day at school), and of the generic structure of our experiences (e.g., how lonely I am), and...
Cephalopods
Traditional approaches in comparative cognition have a long history of focusing on a narrow range of vertebrate species. However, in recent years the range of model species has expanded. Despite this development, invertebrate...
Evidence-based prevention of Alzheimer's disease
Jin-Tai Yu, Wei Xu, Chen-Chen Tan, Sandrine Andrieu, John Suckling, Evangelos Evangelou, An Pan, Can Zhang, Jianping Jia, Lei Feng, Ee-Heok Kua, Yan-Jiang Wang, Hui-Fu Wang, Meng-Shan Tan, Jie-Qiong Li, Xiao-He Hou, Yu Wan, Lin Tan, Vincent Mok, Lan Tan, Qiang Dong, Jacques Touchon, Serge Gauthier, Paul S Aisen, Bruno Vellas
Aug 06, 2020
BACKGROUND: Evidence on preventing Alzheimer's disease (AD) is challenging to interpret due to varying study designs with heterogeneous endpoints and credibility. We completed a systematic review and meta-analysis of current...
Alzheimer's Disease EPIDEMIOLOGY Meta-Analysis systematic reviews Alzheimer Disease Antihypertensive Agents Cognition Craniocerebral Trauma Depression Diabetes mellitus Education Evidence-Based Medicine Exercise Humans Hyperhomocysteinemia Hypertension Hypotension Orthostatic Life Style obesity Observational Studies as Topic Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Reduction Behavior Stress Psychological
Effect of apolipoprotein E polymorphism on cognition and brain in the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience cohort.
Richard N Henson, Sana Suri, Ethan Knights, James B Rowe, Rogier A Kievit, Donald M Lyall, Dennis Chan, Else Eising, Simon E Fisher
Nov 20, 2020
Polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene have been associated with individual differences in cognition, brain structure and brain function. For example, the ε4 allele has been associated with cognitive and brain...
The use of commercial computerised cognitive games in older adults
Brain training programs are currently one effective solution to prevent cognitive decline in healthy aging. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the use of commercially available computerised...
The Relationship Between Cognitive Performance Using Tests Assessing a Range of Cognitive Domains and Future Dementia Diagnosis in a British Cohort
Modelling prognostic trajectories of cognitive decline due to Alzheimer's disease.
Joseph Giorgio, Susan M Landau, William J Jagust, Peter Tino, Zoe Kourtzi, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Jan 28, 2020
Alzheimer's disease brain imaging Cognition Machine Learning mild cognitive impairment Aged Alzheimer Disease Brain Cognitive Dysfunction Disease Progression Female Humans Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted Machine Learning Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Middle Aged Models Neurological Neuroimaging Prognosis
Association of aortic stiffness with cognitive decline
Marzieh Araghi, Martin J Shipley, Ian B Wilkinson, Carmel M McEniery, Carlos A Valencia-Hernández, Mika Kivimaki, Séverine Sabia, Archana Singh-Manoux, Eric J Brunner
Nov 13, 2019
Aortic stiffness is associated with an increased risk of cardio- and cerebrovascular disease and mortality and may increase risk of dementia. The aim of the present study is to examine the association between arterial stiffness...
Ageing arterial stiffness cognitive decline Pulse-wave velocity Aged arteries Cognition Cognitive Dysfunction Cohort Studies Female Health Behavior Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Memory Disorders Middle Aged Prospective Studies Pulse Wave Analysis Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Vascular Stiffness
Tau pathology in early Alzheimer's disease is linked to selective disruptions in neurophysiological network dynamics.
Ece Kocagoncu, Andrew Quinn, Azadeh Firouzian, Elisa Cooper, Andrea Greve, Roger Gunn, Gary Green, Mark W Woolrich, Richard N Henson, Simon Lovestone, Deep and Frequent Phenotyping study team, James B Rowe
Mar 12, 2020
Understanding the role of Tau protein aggregation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is critical for the development of new Tau-based therapeutic strategies to slow or prevent dementia. We tested the hypothesis that Tau...
Alzheimer's Disease Connectivity Graph theory MEG PET Tau Aged Aged 80 and over Alzheimer Disease Cognition Female Humans Magnetoencephalography Male Middle Aged Molecular Imaging Occipital Lobe Parietal Lobe Positron-Emission Tomography protein aggregation Pathological Synaptic Transmission tau Proteins
Linguistic Diversity, Multilingualism, and Cognitive Skills
Multilingualism and linguistic diversity are the norm in India. Although studies have shown a relation between bilingualism and cognitive gains, linguistic diversity has so far been ignored as a potential factor affecting...
Modelling prognostic trajectories of cognitive decline due to Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by a dynamic process of neurocognitive changes from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and progression to dementia. However, not all individuals with MCI develop...
Published by: NeuroImage. Clinical
Cortical Complexity Analyses and Their Cognitive Correlate in Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia.
Nicolas Nicastro, Maura Malpetti, Thomas E Cope, William Richard Bevan-Jones, Elijah Mak, Luca Passamonti, James B Rowe, John T O'Brien
Apr 24, 2020
BACKGROUND: The changes of cortical structure in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are usually described in terms of atrophy. However, neurodegenerative diseases may also affect the complexity of...
Alzheimer’s disease Cortical thickness Dementia fractal dimension frontotemporal dementia Magnetic Resonance Imaging Aged Aged 80 and over Alzheimer Disease Atrophy Cerebral Cortex Cognition Cohort Studies Cross-Sectional Studies Female frontotemporal dementia Humans Male Middle Aged Systems Analysis
Structural correlates of cognitive impairment in normal pressure hydrocephalus.
Katie A Peterson, Tom B Mole, Nicole CH Keong, Elise E DeVito, George Savulich, John D Pickard, Barbara J Sahakian
Dec 14, 2018
Functional neuroimaging of the interference between working memory and the control of periodic ankle movement timing.
BACKGROUND: Limited information processing capacity in the brain necessitates task prioritisation and subsequent adaptive behavioural strategies for the dual-task coordination of locomotion with severe concurrent cognitive...
Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears.
Baland Jalal, Annette Brühl, Claire O'Callaghan, Thomas Piercy, Rudolf N Cardinal, Vilayanur S Ramachandran, Barbara J Sahakian
Nov 02, 2018
One type of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by contamination fears and compulsive cleansing. Few effective treatments are available for this debilitating condition. Compulsive symptoms, such as excessive...
Allocentric and Egocentric Spatial Processing in Middle-Aged Adults at High Risk of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease
Karen Ritchie, Isabelle Carrière, David Howett, Li Su, Michael Hornberger, John T O'Brien, Craig W Ritchie, Dennis Chan
Nov 12, 2018
Impairments in spatial processing due to hippocampal degeneration have been observed in the years immediately preceding the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. The demonstration of changes in spatial processing in...
Alzheimer’s disease Cognition Diagnosis Magnetic Resonance Imaging neuropsychology Preclinical Prognosis Spatial Memory Age of Onset Alzheimer Disease Brain Cross-Sectional Studies Female Genetic Predisposition to Disease Humans Male Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests Parents Prospective Studies Risk Factors Self Concept Space Perception Spatial Navigation
Cognition, psychosis risk and metabolic measures in two adolescent birth cohorts.
Hugh Ramsay, Jennifer H Barnett, Graham K Murray, Jouko Miettunen, Pirjo Mäki, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, George Davey Smith, Mika Ala-Korpela, Juha Veijola
Nov 22, 2018
BACKGROUND: Psychoses, especially schizophrenia, are often preceded by cognitive deficits and psychosis risk states. Altered metabolic profiles have been found in schizophrenia. However, the associations between metabolic...
A Hierarchical Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence in Childhood and Adolescence.
Fluid intelligence is the capacity to solve novel problems in the absence of task-specific knowledge and is highly predictive of outcomes like educational attainment and psychopathology. Here, we modeled the neurocognitive...
Learning from the past and expecting the future in Parkinsonism
The prolonged reaction times seen in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been linked to a dopaminergic-dependent deficit in using prior information to prepare responses, but also have been explained by an altered temporal processing....
Dopamine drift-diffusion model Motor preparation Parkinson's Disease Temporal expectation Temporal processing uncertainty Aged Anticipation Psychological Cognition Decision Making Dopamine Female Humans Male Middle Aged Parkinsonian Disorders Photic Stimulation Psychomotor Performance Reaction Time uncertainty
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