We study the effects of non-determinism and gene duplication on the structure of genotype–phenotype (GP) maps by introducing a non-deterministic version of the Polyomino self-assembly model. This model has previously been used...
Modelling the inelastic scattering of electrons in water is fundamental, given their crucial role in biological damage. In Monte Carlo track-structure (MC-TS) codes used to assess biological damage, the energy loss function...