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Rationale: Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial (PNTM) disease has increased over the past several decades, especially in older women. Abnormal mucociliary clearance and abnormal nasal nitric oxide (nNO) have been associated...

Respiratory Infection 1506 2229 Airway Epithelium atypical mycobacterial infection Respiratory Infection rare lung diseases opportunist lung infections innate immunity

BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) affects up to 20% of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU). It is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Despite published guidelines...

Assisted Ventilation Pneumonia Respiratory Infection

Airway Epithelium COPD ÀÜ Mechanisms Cystic Fibrosis innate immunity Neutrophil Biology Respiratory Infection

BACKGROUND: The risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from aerosols generated by medical procedures is a cause for concern. AIM: To evaluate the evidence for aerosol production and transmission of respiratory infection associated...

Aerosol-generating procedure EPIDEMIOLOGY Lung function test Nasendoscopy Respiratory Infection SARS-CoV-2 Aerosols Air Microbiology covid-19 Humans Respiratory Physiological Phenomena SARS-CoV-2

The lungs are exposed to a range of environmental toxins (including cigarette smoke, air pollution, asbestos) and pathogens (bacterial, viral and fungal), and most respiratory diseases are associated with local or systemic...

Airway Epithelium Asthma innate immunity Respiratory Infection viral infection Endoplasmic reticulum stress Humans Lung Diseases Membrane Proteins Signal Transduction

The lungs are exposed to a range of environmental toxins (including cigarette smoke, air pollution, asbestos) and pathogens (bacterial, viral and fungal), and most respiratory diseases are associated with local or systemic...

State of the art review 1506 2313 Airway Epithelium Asthma viral infection innate immunity Respiratory Infection

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is often poorly responsive to antifungal treatment; secondary infections increase morbidity/mortality, particularly in progressive cases. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) has been implicated in not...

aspergillus lung disease immunodeficiency Respiratory Infection Adult Aged Chronic Disease Female Hospitalization Humans Interferon-gamma Male Middle Aged Pulmonary Aspergillosis Retrospective Studies Salvage therapy

Introduction: Limited data exist on the epidemiology of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in low-income countries (LICs). We sought to determine the prevalence of AHRF in critically ill adult patients admitted to a...

Respiratory epidemiology 1506 2228 clinical epidemiology Respiratory Infection ARDS

RATIONALE:Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial (PNTM) disease has increased over the past several decades, especially in older women. Abnormal mucociliary clearance and abnormal nasal nitric oxide (nNO) have been associated...

innate immunity Airway Epithelium Respiratory Infection rare lung diseases atypical mycobacterial infection opportunist lung infections

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is often poorly responsive to antifungal treatment; secondary infections increase morbidity/mortality, particularly in progressive cases. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) has been implicated in not...

Brief Communication 2313 aspergillus lung disease immunodeficiency Respiratory Infection

BACKGROUND: Many patients in sub-Saharan Africa whom a diagnosis of tuberculosis is considered are subsequently not diagnosed with tuberculosis. The proportion of patients this represents, and their alternative diagnoses, have...

clinical epidemiology Respiratory Infection Tuberculosis Adult Humans Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Pulmonary Africa South of the Sahara Inpatients prevalence

INTRODUCTION: Limited data exist on the epidemiology of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in low-income countries (LICs). We sought to determine the prevalence of AHRF in critically ill adult patients admitted to a...

ARDS clinical epidemiology Respiratory Infection Adult Humans Hypoxia Male prevalence Prospective Studies Respiratory Insufficiency Tertiary Care Centers

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented substantial new challenges to clinical and research teams. Our objective was to analyse the experience of investigators and research delivery staff regarding the research response...

covid-19 Respiratory Infection viral infection covid-19 Data Collection Humans Pandemics Research Design

Airway Epithelium COPD ÀÜ Mechanisms Cystic Fibrosis innate immunity Neutrophil Biology Respiratory Infection