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Population history and ecology, in addition to climate, influence human stature and body proportions.
Worldwide variation in human stature and limb proportions is widely accepted to reflect thermal adaptation, but the contribution of population history to this variation is unknown. Furthermore, stature and relative lower limb...
A trade-off between cognitive and physical performance, with relative preservation of brain function.
Debate surrounds the issue of how the large, metabolically expensive brains of Homo sapiens can be energetically afforded. At the evolutionary level, decreased investment in muscularity, adiposity and the digestive tract allow...
Evolution of Lactase Persistence
The emergence of the capacity to digest milk in some populations represents a landmark in human evolution, linking genetic change with a component of niche construction, namely dairying. Alleles promoting continued activity of...
Associations of extracurricular physical activity patterns and body composition components in a multi-ethnic population of UK children (the Size and Lung Function in Children study)
Body composition Childhood overweight and obesity EPIDEMIOLOGY Ethnicity Extracurricular physical activity Fat mass FAT-FREE MASS Health geography Body composition Body Mass Index Child Child Preschool Cross-Sectional Studies Ethnicity Exercise Female Humans Male Multilevel Analysis Pediatric Obesity Sports Transportation United Kingdom
Human athletic paleobiology; using sport as a model to investigate human evolutionary adaptation.
The use of sport as a conceptual framework offers unprecedented opportunities to improve our understanding of what the body does, shedding new light on our evolutionary trajectory, our capacity for adaptation, and the underlying...
Associations of the objective built environment along the route to school with children's modes of commuting
Evolutionary public health
Jonathan CK Wells, Randolph M Nesse, Rebecca Sear, Rufus A Johnstone, Stephen C Stearns
Aug 17, 2017
The emerging discipline of evolutionary medicine is breaking new ground in understanding why people become ill. However, the value of evolutionary analyses of human physiology and behaviour is only beginning to be recognised in...
Relationship between body mass, lean mass, fat mass, and limb bone cross-sectional geometry
OBJECTIVES: Estimating body mass from skeletal dimensions is widely practiced, but methods for estimating its components (lean and fat mass) are poorly developed. The ability to estimate these characteristics would offer new...
Stature estimation equations for South Asian skeletons based on DXA scans of contemporary adults.
Emma Pomeroy, Veena Mushrif-Tripathy, Jonathan CK Wells, Bharati Kulkarni, Sanjay Kinra, Jay T Stock
Jul 04, 2018
OBJECTIVES: Stature estimation from the skeleton is a classic anthropological problem, and recent years have seen the proliferation of population-specific regression equations. Many rely on the anatomical reconstruction of...
Ancient origins of low lean mass among South Asians and implications for modern type 2 diabetes susceptibility.
Maternal physical, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics and childbirth complications in rural lowland Nepal
Jonathan CK Wells, Akanksha A Marphatia, Mario Cortina-Borja, Dharma S Manandhar, Alice M Reid, Naomi Saville
Feb 01, 2021
OBJECTIVES: Evolutionary perspectives on human childbirth have primarily focused on characteristics of our species in general, rather than variability within and between contemporary populations. We use an evolutionary framework...
Relationships of maternal and paternal anthropometry with neonatal body size, proportions and adiposity in an Australian cohort.
Order reconstruction patterns in nematic liquid crystal wells
We numerically study structural transitions inside shallow sub-micrometre scale wells with square cross section, filled with nematic liquid crystal material. We model the wells within the Landau–de Gennes theory. We obtain two...
Fluctuating asymmetry, a marker of poor growth quality, is associated with adult male metabolic rate.
Daniel P Longman, Sakura Oyama, James Cracknell, Nathan Thompson, Dan Gordon, Jay T Stock, Jonathan CK Wells
Jun 25, 2021
OBJECTIVES: Life history theory, a branch of evolutionary theory, predicts the existence of trade-offs in energetic allocation between competing physiological functions. The core metabolic cost of self-maintenance, measured by...
Associations of age at marriage and first pregnancy with maternal nutritional status in Nepal.
Jonathan CK Wells, Akanksha A Marphatia, Dharma S Manandhar, Mario Cortina-Borja, Alice M Reid, Naomi S Saville
Sep 07, 2022
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Women's nutritional status is important for their health and reproductive fitness. In a population where early marriage is common, we investigated how women's nutritional status is associated with...
Order reconstruction patterns in nematic liquid crystal wells
We numerically study structural transitions inside shallow sub-micrometre scale wells with square cross section, filled with nematic liquid crystal material. We model the wells within the Landau–de Gennes theory. We obtain two...
The future of human malnutrition
Jonathan CK Wells, Akanksha A Marphatia, Gabriel Amable, Mario Siervo, Henrik Friis, J Jaime Miranda, Hinke H Haisma, David Raubenheimer
Oct 27, 2021
The major threat to human societies posed by undernutrition has been recognised for millennia. Despite substantial economic development and scientific innovation, however, progress in addressing this global challenge has been...
Quantifying the association of natal household wealth with women’s early marriage in Nepal
Akanksha A Marphatia, Naomi M Saville, Dharma S Manandhar, Mario Cortina-Borja, Jonathan CK Wells, Alice M Reid
Feb 10, 2022
Infancy and childhood growth and physical activity in adolescence
Pedro C Hallal, Samuel C Dumith, Ulf Ekelund, Felipe F Reichert, Ana MB Menezes, Cesar G Victora, Jonathan CK Wells
Sep 26, 2012
Independent associations of women's age at marriage and first pregnancy with their height in rural lowland Nepal.
Akanksha A Marphatia, Naomi M Saville, Dharma S Manandhar, Mario Cortina-Borja, Alice M Reid, Jonathan CK Wells
Nov 02, 2020
Multistable nematic wells
This review article is a consolidated but not exhaustive account of recent modelling and numerical work on nematic-filled square or cuboid shaped wells with planar degenerate boundary conditions. This seemingly simple...
Exchange interactions in Cd1-xMnxTe wide quantum wells
C. Rice, L. C. Smith, J. J. Davies, D. Wolverson, M. Wiater, G. Karczewski, T. Wojtowicz
Oct 24, 2012
The exchange interactions between excitons and manganese ions in wide (80 nm) quantum wells of Cd1−xMnxTe (x≈0.0015 and x≈0.00027) have been measured for states with center of mass quantum numbers up to 10. The corresponding...
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