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Results: 53
Stromal-driven and Amyloid β-dependent induction of neutrophil extracellular traps modulates tumor growth.
Hafsa Munir, James O Jones, Tobias Janowitz, Markus Hoffmann, Maximilien Euler, Carla P Martins, Sarah J Welsh, Jacqueline D Shields
Jan 05, 2021
Tumors consist of cancer cells and a network of non-cancerous stroma. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are known to support tumorigenesis, and are emerging as immune modulators. Neutrophils release histone-bound nuclear DNA...
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases Amyloid beta-Peptides Animals Bone Marrow CD11b Antigen Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Carcinogenesis Cell Communication Disease Models Animal Extracellular Traps Female Healthy Volunteers Humans Male Mice Mice Transgenic Neoplasms Neutrophils Observational Studies as Topic Primary Cell Culture Prognosis Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4 Reactive Oxygen Species Tumor Cells Cultured Tumor Microenvironment
High fat diet impairs the function of glucagon-like peptide-1 producing L-cells.
Paul Richards, Ramona Pais, Abdella M Habib, Cheryl A Brighton, Giles SH Yeo, Frank Reimann, Fiona M Gribble
Jul 21, 2015
Oligodendrocytes Do Not Export NAA-Derived Aspartate In Vitro.
Leucine regulates autophagy via acetylation of the mTORC1 component raptor.
Sung Min Son, So Jung Park, Eleanna Stamatakou, Mariella Vicinanza, Fiona M Menzies, David C Rubinsztein
May 28, 2020
Macroautophagy ("autophagy") is the main lysosomal catabolic process that becomes activated under nutrient-depleted conditions, like amino acid (AA) starvation. The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a...
Epigenetic remodelling licences adult cholangiocytes for organoid formation and liver regeneration.
Luigi Aloia, Mikel Alexander McKie, Grégoire Vernaz, Lucía Cordero-Espinoza, Niya Aleksieva, Jelle van den Ameele, Francesco Antonica, Berta Font-Cunill, Alexander Raven, Riccardo Aiese Cigliano, German Belenguer, Richard L Mort, Andrea H Brand, Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz, Stuart J Forbes, Eric A Miska, Meritxell Huch
Oct 21, 2019
Adaptor Proteins Signal Transducing Animals Bile Ducts Cell Cycle Proteins DNA Methylation DNA-Binding Proteins Epigenesis Genetic epigenome Epithelial Cells Female Gene Expression Profiling Hippo Signaling Pathway Liver Liver Regeneration Male Mice Transgenic Organoids Primary Cell Culture Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases Proto-Oncogene Proteins Signal Transduction Transcriptome YAP-Signaling Proteins
TNFR2 ligation in human T regulatory cells enhances IL2-induced cell proliferation through the non-canonical NF-κB pathway.
Jun Wang, Ricardo Ferreira, Wanhua Lu, Samatha Farrow, Kate Downes, Lutz Jermutus, Ralph Minter, Rafia S Al-Lamki, Jordan S Pober, John R Bradley
Sep 08, 2018
Human T regulatory cells (T regs) express high levels of TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2). Ligation of TNFR2 with TNF, which can recognise both TNFR1 and TNFR2, or with a TNFR2-selective binding molecule, DARPin 18 (D18) activates...
Cell Nucleus Cell Proliferation Cells Cultured Gene Expression Regulation Healthy Volunteers Humans Interleukin-2 NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha NF-kappa B p52 Subunit Primary Cell Culture Proteolysis Receptors Tumor Necrosis Factor Type II Recombinant Fusion Proteins Signal Transduction T-Lymphocytes Regulatory Transcription Factor RelB
Functional and Molecular Characterization of Mechanoinsensitive "Silent" Nociceptors.
Vincenzo Prato, Francisco J Taberner, James RF Hockley, Gerard Callejo, Alice Arcourt, Bassim Tazir, Leonie Hammer, Paulina Schad, Paul A Heppenstall, Ewan S Smith, Stefan G Lechner
Mar 02, 2018
Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia (pain hypersensitivity) are cardinal signs of inflammation. Although the mechanism underlying thermal hyperalgesia is well understood, the cellular and molecular basis of mechanical...
CHRNA3 MIA NGF Piezo2 Hyperalgesia inflammatory pain mechanically insensitive nociceptor Mechanotransduction Nerve Growth Factor silent nociceptor Animals Biomechanical Phenomena Evoked Potentials Somatosensory Ganglia Spinal Gene Expression Regulation Hyperalgesia Ion Channels Mechanotransduction Cellular Mice Mice Transgenic Nerve Growth Factor Nociceptors Pain Patch-Clamp Techniques Primary Cell Culture Receptors Nicotinic
A novel mechanism causing imbalance of mitochondrial fusion and fission in human myopathies.
Marina Bartsakoulia, Angela Pyle, Diego Troncoso-Chandía, Josefa Vial-Brizzi, Marysol V Paz-Fiblas, Jennifer Duff, Helen Griffin, Veronika Boczonadi, Hanns Lochmüller, Stephanie Kleinle, Patrick F Chinnery, Sarah Grünert, Janbernd Kirschner, Verónica Eisner, Rita Horvath
Mar 20, 2018
Mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in cellular homeostasis and a variety of human diseases are linked to its dysregulated function. Here, we describe a 15-year-old boy with a novel disease caused by altered...
Sarcoplasmic reticular Ca2+-ATPase inhibition paradoxically upregulates murine skeletal muscle Nav1.4 function.
Skeletal muscle Na+ channels possess Ca2+- and calmodulin-binding sites implicated in Nav1.4 current (INa) downregulation following ryanodine receptor (RyR1) activation produced by exchange protein directly activated by cyclic...
Animals caffeine Calcium Channel Agonists Calcium Signaling Cells Cultured Indoles Mice Muscle Fibers Skeletal Muscle Skeletal NAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Patch-Clamp Techniques Primary Cell Culture Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases sodium Up-Regulation
Viscoelastic properties of differentiating blood cells are fate- and function-dependent.
Andrew E Ekpenyong, Graeme Whyte, Kevin Chalut, Stefano Pagliara, Franziska Lautenschläger, Christine Fiddler, Stephan Paschke, Ulrich F Keyser, Edwin R Chilvers, Jochen Guck
Aug 18, 2020
Although cellular mechanical properties are known to alter during stem cell differentiation, understanding of the functional relevance of such alterations is incomplete. Here, we show that during the course of differentiation of...
Chronic irradiation of human cells reduces histone levels and deregulates gene expression.
Donna J Lowe, Mareike Herzog, Thorsten Mosler, Howard Cohen, Sarah Felton, Petra Beli, Ken Raj, Yaron Galanty, Stephen P Jackson
Feb 05, 2020
Over the past decades, there have been huge advances in understanding cellular responses to ionising radiation (IR) and DNA damage. These studies, however, were mostly executed with cell lines and mice using single or multiple...
Functional interplay of Epstein-Barr virus oncoproteins in a mouse model of B cell lymphomagenesis.
Thomas Sommermann, Tomoharu Yasuda, Jonathan Ronen, Tristan Wirtz, Timm Weber, Ulrike Sack, Rebecca Caeser, Jingwei Zhang, Xun Li, Van Trung Chu, Anna Jauch, Kristian Unger, Daniel J Hodson, Altuna Akalin, Klaus Rajewsky
Jun 15, 2020
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a B cell transforming virus that causes B cell malignancies under conditions of immune suppression. EBV orchestrates B cell transformation through its latent membrane proteins (LMPs) and Epstein-Barr...
B cell lymphomagenesis EBNA Epstein-Barr virus LMP1 plasma cell differentiation Animals Cell Differentiation Cell Line Tumor Cell Transformation Viral DNA-Binding Proteins Disease Models Animal Epstein-Barr Virus Infections Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens FIBROBLASTS Herpesvirus 4 Human Humans Lymphoma B-Cell Mice Mice Knockout Plasma Cells Primary Cell Culture Trans-Activators Viral Matrix Proteins Viral Proteins
Suppression of enteroendocrine cell glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 release by fat-induced small intestinal ketogenesis
Ville Wallenius, Erik Elias, Erik Elebring, Bauke Haisma, Anna Casselbrant, Pierre Larraufie, Emma Spak, Frank Reimann, Carel W le Roux, Neil G Docherty, Fiona M Gribble, Lars Fändriks
Nov 13, 2019
Diabetes mellitus enterocyte biology glucagen-like peptides obesity surgery small bowel 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid Anastomosis Roux-en-Y Animals Caloric Restriction Cells Cultured Dietary Fats Emulsions Enteroendocrine Cells Fat Emulsions Intravenous Female Gastric Bypass Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Humans Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Synthase Intestinal Mucosa Jejunum ketone bodies Ketones Liver Male Mice Mice Inbred C57BL Middle Aged Phospholipids Postoperative Period Preoperative Period Primary Cell Culture Soybean Oil
Increased ERK signalling promotes inflammatory signalling in primary airway epithelial cells expressing Z α1-antitrypsin.
Emily FA van 't Wout, Jennifer A Dickens, Annemarie van Schadewijk, Imran Haq, Hang Fai Kwok, Adriana Ordóñez, Gillian Murphy, Jan Stolk, David A Lomas, Pieter S Hiemstra, Stefan J Marciniak
May 18, 2018
Overexpression of Z α1-antitrypsin is known to induce polymer formation, prime the cells for endoplasmic reticulum stress and initiate nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling. However, whether endogenous expression in primary...
ADAM Proteins ADAM17 Protein Cell Line Tumor Cytokines Endoplasmic reticulum stress Epithelial Cells ErbB Receptors Humans Inflammation Mediators Lung MAP Kinase Signaling System Mutation Missense NF-kappa B Primary Cell Culture Protein Multimerization Protein Processing Post-Translational Signal Transduction alpha 1-Antitrypsin
Felodipine induces autophagy in mouse brains with pharmacokinetics amenable to repurposing.
Farah H Siddiqi, Fiona M Menzies, Ana Lopez, Eleanna Stamatakou, Cansu Karabiyik, Rodrigo Ureshino, Thomas Ricketts, Maria Jimenez-Sanchez, Miguel Angel Esteban, Liangxue Lai, Micky D Tortorella, Zhiwei Luo, Hao Liu, Emmanouil Metzakopian, Hugo JR Fernandes, Andrew Bassett, Eric Karran, Bruce L Miller, Angeleen Fleming, David C Rubinsztein
Mar 13, 2019
Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease manifest with the neuronal accumulation of toxic proteins. Since autophagy upregulation enhances the clearance of such proteins...
Animals Animals Genetically Modified Autophagy Cell Line Cerebral Cortex Disease Models Animal Drug Repositioning Embryo Mammalian Embryo Nonmammalian Felodipine Female Humans Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Male Mice Mice Inbred C57BL Mutation Neurodegenerative Diseases Neurons Neuroprotective Agents Primary Cell Culture Swine Swine Miniature Treatment Outcome Zebrafish ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN
HIF-1α-PDK1 axis-induced active glycolysis plays an essential role in macrophage migratory capacity.
Hiroaki Semba, Norihiko Takeda, Takayuki Isagawa, Yuki Sugiura, Kurara Honda, Masaki Wake, Hidenobu Miyazawa, Yoshifumi Yamaguchi, Masayuki Miura, Dana MR Jenkins, Hyunsung Choi, Jung-Whan Kim, Masataka Asagiri, Andrew S Cowburn, Hajime Abe, Katsura Soma, Katsuhiro Koyama, Manami Katoh, Keimon Sayama, Nobuhito Goda, Randall S Johnson, Ichiro Manabe, Ryozo Nagai, Issei Komuro
May 04, 2018
In severely hypoxic condition, HIF-1α-mediated induction of Pdk1 was found to regulate glucose oxidation by preventing the entry of pyruvate into the tricarboxylic cycle. Monocyte-derived macrophages, however, encounter a...
Subcellular localization determines the stability and axon protective capacity of axon survival factor Nmnat2.
Axons require a constant supply of the labile axon survival factor Nmnat2 from their cell bodies to avoid spontaneous axon degeneration. Here we investigate the mechanism of fast axonal transport of Nmnat2 and its site of action...
Amino Acid Motifs Animals Axons Cell Survival Cells Cultured Exons Golgi Apparatus Half-Life Intracellular Membranes Lipoylation Mice Mice Inbred C57BL Neurons Nicotinamide-Nucleotide Adenylyltransferase Primary Cell Culture Protein Multimerization Protein Stability Protein Transport Single-Cell Analysis Time-Lapse Imaging Transport Vesicles Ubiquitination
Exercise induces new cardiomyocyte generation in the adult mammalian heart.
Ana Vujic, Carolin Lerchenmüller, Ting-Di Wu, Christelle Guillermier, Charles P Rabolli, Emilia Gonzalez, Samuel E Senyo, Xiaojun Liu, Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern, Matthew L Steinhauser, Richard T Lee, Anthony Rosenzweig
Oct 16, 2020
Loss of cardiomyocytes is a major cause of heart failure, and while the adult heart has a limited capacity for cardiomyogenesis, little is known about what regulates this ability or whether it can be effectively harnessed. Here...
Ileo-colonic delivery of conjugated bile acids improves glucose homeostasis via colonic GLP-1-producing enteroendocrine cells in human obesity and diabetes.
Gerardo Calderon, Alison McRae, Juraj Rievaj, Judith Davis, Inuk Zandvakili, Sara Linker-Nord, Duane Burton, Geoffrey Roberts, Frank Reimann, Bronislava Gedulin, Adrian Vella, Nicholas F LaRusso, Michael Camilleri, Fiona M Gribble, Andres Acosta
May 01, 2020
BACKGROUND: The bile acid (BA) pathway plays a role in regulation of food intake and glucose metabolism, based mainly on findings in animal models. Our aim was to determine whether the BA pathway is altered and correctable in...
Administration Oral Bile Acids and Salts Biological Transport Blood Glucose Capsules Cell Line Cholestenones Colon Diabetes mellitus Type 2 Diffusion Chambers Culture Enteroendocrine Cells Fasting Fibroblast Growth Factors Fructosamine Gene Expression Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Homeostasis Humans Ileum Insulin obesity Postprandial Period Primary Cell Culture Receptors G-Protein-Coupled
Rapid kinetics of changes in oxygen consumption rate in thrombin-stimulated platelets measured by high-resolution respirometry.
Platelet activation plays a key role in normal haemostasis and pathological thrombosis. Platelet activation is rapid; within minutes of stimulation, platelets generate bioactive phospholipids, secrete their granule contents...
Interplay between transcription regulators RUNX1 and FUBP1 activates an enhancer of the oncogene c-KIT and amplifies cell proliferation.
Lydie Debaize, Hélène Jakobczyk, Stéphane Avner, Jérémie Gaudichon, Anne-Gaëlle Rio, Aurélien A Sérandour, Lena Dorsheimer, Frédéric Chalmel, Jason S Carroll, Martin Zörnig, Michael A Rieger, Olivier Delalande, Gilles Salbert, Marie-Dominique Galibert, Virginie Gandemer, Marie-Bérengère Troadec
Apr 25, 2019
Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a well-known master regulator of hematopoietic lineages but its mechanisms of action are still not fully understood. Here, we found that RUNX1 localizes on active chromatin together...
Animals Antineoplastic Agents Base Sequence Binding Sites Bone Marrow Cells Cell Line Tumor Cell Proliferation Chromatin Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit DNA-Binding Proteins Enhancer Elements Genetic Gene Expression Regulation Leukemic HEK293 Cells Humans Imatinib Mesylate Mice Mice Inbred NOD Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma Precursor Cells B-Lymphoid Primary Cell Culture Protein Binding Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit RNA-Binding Proteins Signal Transduction Transcription Genetic Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Orphan GPR116 mediates the insulin sensitizing effects of the hepatokine FNDC4 in adipose tissue.
Anastasia Georgiadi, Valeria Lopez-Salazar, Rabih El- Merahbi, Rhoda Anane Karikari, Xiaochuan Ma, André Mourão, Katarina Klepac, Lea Bühler, Ana Jimena Alfaro, Isabell Kaczmarek, Adam Linford, Madeleen Bosma, Olga Shilkova, Olli Ritvos, Nobuhiro Nakamura, Shigehisa Hirose, Maximilian Lassi, Raffaele Teperino, Juliano Machado, Marcel Scheideler, Arne Dietrich, Arie Geerlof, Annette Feuchtinger, Andreas Blutke, Katrin Fischer, Timo Dirk Müller, Katharina Kessler, Torsten Schöneberg, Doreen Thor, Silke Hornemann, Michael Kruse, Peter Nawroth, Olga Pivovarova-Ramich, Andreas Friedrich Hermann Pfeiffer, Michael Sattler, Matthias Blüher, Stephan Herzig
Jun 21, 2021
The proper functional interaction between different tissues represents a key component in systemic metabolic control. Indeed, disruption of endocrine inter-tissue communication is a hallmark of severe metabolic dysfunction in...
3T3-L1 Cells Adipocytes Adipose Tissue White Adolescent Adult Aged Animals CHO Cells Cohort Studies Cricetulus Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes mellitus Type 2 Diet High-Fat Disease Models Animal Female Gene Knockdown Techniques Glucose HEK293 Cells Hep G2 Cells Humans Insulin Insulin Resistance Islets of Langerhans Liver Male Membrane Proteins Mice Mice Knockout Middle Aged NIH 3T3 Cells Prediabetic State Primary Cell Culture Proteins Receptors G-Protein-Coupled Recombinant Fusion Proteins Young Adult
CMT2N-causing aminoacylation domain mutants enable Nrp1 interaction with AlaRS.
Litao Sun, Na Wei, Bernhard Kuhle, David Blocquel, Scott Novick, Zaneta Matuszek, Huihao Zhou, Weiwei He, Jingjing Zhang, Thomas Weber, Rita Horvath, Philippe Latour, Tao Pan, Paul Schimmel, Patrick R Griffin, Xiang-Lei Yang
May 24, 2021
Through dominant mutations, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases constitute the largest protein family linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). An example is CMT subtype 2N (CMT2N), caused by individual mutations spread out in AlaRS...
AlaRS Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Neuropilin 1 Alanine-tRNA Ligase Aminoacylation Cells Cultured Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Crystallography X-Ray Deuterium Exchange Measurement Humans Lymphocytes Mutation Neuropilin-1 Primary Cell Culture Protein Binding Protein Domains Recombinant Proteins SCATTERING Small Angle
Energy status and HIF signalling in chorionic villi show no evidence of hypoxic stress during human early placental development.
T Cindrova-Davies, M Tissot van Patot, L Gardner, E Jauniaux, GJ Burton, DS Charnock-Jones
Dec 03, 2014
HIF-1α energy status first trimester Metabolomics Placenta Adenosine Diphosphate Adenosine Triphosphate Adult Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors Cell Hypoxia Chorionic Villi Energy Metabolism Female Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Glucose Transporter Type 3 Humans Hydrogen Peroxide Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 alpha Subunit Imidazoles Membrane Proteins Oxygen Placentation Pregnancy Pregnancy Trimesters Primary Cell Culture Signal Transduction Transcription Genetic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Autocrine TNF-α production supports CML stem and progenitor cell survival and enhances their proliferation.
Paolo Gallipoli, Francesca Pellicano, Heather Morrison, Kamilla Laidlaw, Elaine K Allan, Ravi Bhatia, Mhairi Copland, Heather G Jørgensen, Tessa L Holyoake
Aug 11, 2017
Apoptosis Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Chromones Gene Expression Regulation Leukemic Humans Indoles Interleukin-3 Leukemia Myelogenous Chronic BCR-ABL Positive NF-kappa B Neoplastic Stem Cells Primary Cell Culture Protein Kinase Inhibitors Pyrimidines Receptors Interleukin-3 Signal Transduction Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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