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Alternative translation initiation (ATI) is a mechanism of producing multiple proteins from a single transcript, which in some cases regulates trafficking of proteins to different cellular compartments, including mitochondria....

Amino Acid Sequence Animals Cell Line Tumor Codon Initiator DNA Helicases DNA Polymerase gamma DNA Mitochondrial DNA-Binding Proteins DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase Humans Mice Mitochondria Mitochondrial Proteins Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Peptide Chain Initiation Translational Poly(A)-Binding Proteins Polynucleotide Adenylyltransferase Protein Isoforms Protein Transport Proteome

The efficiency of start codon selection during ribosomal scanning in eukaryotic translation initiation is influenced by the context or flanking nucleotides surrounding the AUG codon. The levels of eukaryotic translation...

Cell Cycle Proteins Codon Initiator DNA-Binding Proteins HEK293 Cells Humans Protein Biosynthesis

Translation start site selection in eukaryotes is influenced by context nucleotides flanking the AUG codon and by levels of the eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF1 and eIF5. In a search of mammalian genes, we...

Hox genes eIF1 eIF5 start codon selection stringency uORF Animals Codon Initiator evolution Molecular Genes Homeobox Mice Open Reading Frames Protein Biosynthesis RNA Messenger

Defective glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biogenesis can cause a spectrum of predominantly neurological problems. For eight genes critical to this biological process, disease associations are not yet reported. Scanning...

GPI-anchor biogenesis PIGH developmental delay Exome Microcephaly phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Adolescent Animals Child Child Preschool Codon Initiator Cricetinae Developmental Disabilities Epilepsy Exome Female Glycosylphosphatidylinositols Humans Male Membrane Proteins Microcephaly Mutation Pedigree

BACKGROUND: The RNA helicase eIF4A1 is a key component of the translation initiation machinery and is required for the translation of many pro-oncogenic mRNAs. There is increasing interest in targeting eIF4A1 therapeutically in...

Cancer DMS G-Quadruplexes Hippuristanol Polysome profiling RNA structure Structure-seq Translation Translation initiation eIF4A 5' Untranslated Regions Codon Initiator Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4A Humans MCF-7 Cells RNA Messenger Sterols

Alternative Splicing Animals Cells Cultured Codon Initiator Humans K562 Cells Mice Inbred C57BL Peptide Chain Initiation Translational Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein Protein Isoforms RNA

BACKGROUND: POLG, located on nuclear chromosome 15, encodes the DNA polymerase γ(Pol γ). Pol γ is responsible for the replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Pol γ is the only DNA polymerase found in mitochondria...

CUG initiation Mitochondria POLG PhyloCSF polymerase ribosome Synonymous site conservation synplot2 Amino Acid Sequence Codon Initiator DNA Polymerase gamma DNA Mitochondrial Exons Humans Mitochondria Nucleic Acid Conformation Open Reading Frames Ribosomes

salmonella Apoptosis caspase-1 caspase-11 caspase-8 Cell Death effector caspases gasdermin D necroptosis pyroptosis Animals Apoptosis Caspase 1 Caspase 12 Caspase 8 Caspases Initiator MACROPHAGES Mice Mice Inbred C57BL Mice Knockout necroptosis pyroptosis Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases salmonella Salmonella Infections

Zoonotic pathogens, such as COVID-19, reside in animal hosts before jumping species to infect humans. The Carnivora, like mink, carry many zoonoses, yet how diversity in host immune genes across species affect pathogen carriage...

Carnivora NLRC4 NLRP3 Caspase 1 caspase 11 caspase 4 inflammasome Animals Carnivora Caspase 1 Caspase 8 Caspases Initiator Cell Death Cell Line evolution Molecular Humans Inflammasomes Interleukin-1beta Lipopolysaccharides MACROPHAGES Mice Mice Inbred C57BL NLR proteins Recombinant Fusion Proteins Recombinant Proteins Salmonella typhi Zoonoses